The law of motion is a general term that refers to the principles that govern the behavior of objects when forces are applied to them. There are different types of laws of motion, but the most famous ones are the three laws of motion formulated by Isaac Newton in the 17th century. These laws are:
– Newton’s first law of motion: This law states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue moving with a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an external force. This law is also known as the law of inertia, which means the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion. For example, a ball rolling on a smooth surface will keep rolling until it hits something or is stopped by friction.
– Newton’s second law of motion: This law states that the acceleration of an object is proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. The net force is the sum of all the forces acting on an object, taking into account their directions. The acceleration is the rate of change of velocity, which is the speed and direction of an object. This law can be expressed by the equation F = ma, where F is the net force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration. For example, if you push a car with a certain force, it will accelerate faster than if you push a truck with the same force, because the car has less mass than the truck.
– Newton’s third law of motion: This law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that whenever one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts a force back on the first object that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. These forces are called action and reaction forces, and they act on different objects. For example, when you jump off the ground, you exert a downward force on the ground, and the ground exerts an upward force on you that propels you into the air.
These laws of motion can explain many phenomena in nature and everyday life, such as how rockets work, how cars move, how planets orbit, and more. They are also the foundation of classical mechanics, which is one of the branches of physics that deals with the motion of objects and forces.
Source:
(2) Newton’s laws of motion | Definition, Examples, & History.
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(4) Newton’s laws of motion – Wikipedia.